Using Vegetation Biomonitors to Assess Air Pollution Injury in National Parks: Milkweed Survey
Bennett JP and Stolte KW. 1985. Using Vegetation Biomonitors to Assess Air Pollution Injury in National Parks: Milkweed Survey. Natural Resources Report Series #: 85-1. National Park Service - Air Quality Division. Denver
This report is a reproduction of a manual developed by the National Park Service - Air Quality Division in 1984 and 1985. The manual is to be used to evaluate conditions on common milkweed plants that indicate the presence or absence of air pollutants. The work was done in the mid-west and central eastern states where these plants readily occur. The document lists several species of Asclepias plants, the botanical characteristics for Asclepias syriaca, and a glossary of terms relating to the plants. The major pollutant identified as causing visible foliar damage to the plants is ozone. The document also includes numerous color photographs of plants showing evidence of injury from air pollutants and a short description of the monarch butterfly and its relationship with the milkweed.
- Type
- Published Report
- Authors
- Bennett, James; Stolte, Kenneth
- Date of Issue
- 1985-08
- Publisher
- National Park Service - Air Quality Division
- Units
- BIHO , CACO , COLO , CUIS , DEWA , GUIS , GWCA , KEFJ , ORPI , SAGU , SHEN , WRST
- Keywords
- Air, Air Pollution, Air Quality, Animal Studies, Asclepias syriaca, Atmosphere/Climate/Weather, Atmospheric Sciences, bioefffects, Biomonitoring, Butterflies, Common Milkweed (Asclepias syriaca), Ecology, Environmental Impact, Foliar Damage, Foliar Injury, George Washington Carver National Monument Missouri, Gulf Islands National Seashore FL - MS, Inventory & Monitoring, Manual, milkweed, Milkweed (Asclepias syriaca), milkweed (Asclepias), monarch butterfly, Monarch butterfly (Danaus plexippus), Monitoring, National Park Service, NPS, Ozone, Ozone (O3), Ozone Injury, Plant Studies, Plants, poke milkweed (Asclepias exaltata), Pollution, Research Report, Survey, Vegetation, vegetation biomonitors