Installation of Survey Benchmarks

Curtis, Anthony; Asper, Jennifer

The following Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) outlines the procedure involved in installing the monument, which once surveyed and tied to the National Spatial Reference System will be referred to as a benchmark. Each vertical control benchmark represents a large investment of resources. Because it is intended for a benchmark to provide a continuous record of elevation changes, as well as vertical control for many local surveyors, its preservation is vital. These benchmarks must be remarkably stable and, because they are subject to the effects of geologic and soil activity as well as natural disturbances such as ground freeze, they must be installed for maximum stability (Floyd 1978). This SOP outlines how to best install the monument.