Perimeter Road: Cultural Landscape Inventory, Chickasaw National Recreation Area - Travertine District, National Park Service

Hohmann, Heidi; Grala, Katarzyna; Curran, Michele

The perimeter road is 6.32 miles long and is the primary vehicular access within the Platt Historic District of Chickasaw National Recreation Area in eastern Oklahoma. The curvilinear alignment of the perimeter road corresponds directly to both overall and local topography. This is evident in steep areas such as Bromide Hill, where the road follows the contours as it wraps around the hill. The road is generally twenty feet wide, with shoulders generally three to five feet wide. Small concrete and limestone masonry culverts are typical drainage features along the roadway. Providing external access to the perimeter road is Hwy 177, which bisects the perimeter road in the midpoint of the park, creating the major north and south park entrances. Prior to 1933, the road system consisted of an east‑west route crossed by a north‑south route with a few spurs located off these main roads. This was drastically changed during the 1930s when the Civilian Conservation Corps constructed a perimeter loop road encompassing the entire park. It utilized much of the old east‑west route, but connected the two ends with additional road running along the southern boundary of the park. Though constructed in pieces, over the years 1933‑36, the road was designed as a whole, linear landscape which provided access to the park’s sites and features, and which orchestrated the visitor experience. Originally paved in gravel, the road was repaved in asphalt in 1938-40, with repaving projects occurring a few times since. Similarly, original wood guard rails, constructed in the early 1930s, were by 1940 replaced with boulders to control parking. Other structures associated with the perimeter road include a series of bridges and box culverts over the large creeks along the perimeter road. These bridges are generally concrete structures with limestone ashlar masonry veneer. The bridge masonry is typical of NPS Rustic style; stones are irregular, and the structures are generally buttressed at their bases. The Perimeter Road is significant for its relationship to the larger Platt Historic District. Although located in a landscape rarely associated with “important” wilderness or remarkable scenery, the Platt Historic District was one of the most complete executions of the landscape design vision of the National Park Service as promoted by the philosophies of men like Daniel Hull, Thomas Vint and Herbert Maier. The extant plan and features of the Platt National Park Historic District show the full range of National Park Rustic design principles, from overall planning to detailed architectural features. The Platt National Park Historic District is also one of the finest manifestations of the collaboration between the National Park Service and the Civilian Conservation Corps during the 1930s. Platt National Park’s New Deal re‑development was one of the most encompassing of such works in the national park system. Among the many state and national parks designed during this period, Platt is particularly significant because of its extensive complement of period development and the exceptional quality of its original design and planning. Platt is the only national park rebuilt entirely from boundary to boundary during this decade of profound attention to the entire system. Because of its lack of majestic scenery, Platt National Park was viewed as a blank slate where National Park Service park design principles could be fully applied. Thus Platt’s landscape most clearly demonstrates the full and intentional application of Rustic design principles in the creation of a complete national park landscape, organized recreational activities as well as scenery. The Platt Historic District also exhibits excellent historic integrity and physical condition. The extant landscape features are representative of the finest CCC work in existence, in terms of Rustic design, the number and variety of structures, and construction techniques and materials.

Perimeter Road: Cultural Landscape Inventory, Chickasaw National Recreation Area - Travertine District, National Park Service

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