Phylogeny of the Dictyoptera Re-examined (Insecta)
Deitz LL, Nalepa C, Klass K. 2003. Phylogeny of the Dictyoptera Re-examined (Insecta). Entomologische Abhandlungen. 61(1):69-91
This work presents a critical evaluation of the currently available morphological and biological data base relevant to reconstructing phylogeny in Dictyoptera. In 1992, B.L. Thorne and J.M. Carpenter (Systematic Entomology 17: 253268) pub- lished a widely acknowledged phylogenetic analysis of Dictyoptera that gave the relationships (Mantodea + (Blattaria + Cryptocercidae)) + ((Mastotermitidae + Kalotermitidae) + Termopsidae) Blattaria = Blattaria excluding Cryptocercidae. The present study uses that work as a starting point to demonstrate the importance of a thorough treatment of characters in phyloge- netic reconstruction. Repeating the analysis of Thorne and Carpenter without disputable polarity assumptions produced Mantodea + ((Blattaria + Cryptocercidae) + ((Mastotermitidae + Kalotermitidae) + Termopsidae)). Analyses after a careful revision of the characters as well as analyses including seven additional characters produced Mantodea + (Blattaria + (Cryptocercidae + (Mastotermitidae + (Kalotermitidae + Termopsidae)))). The latter result, indicating paraphyly of Blattaria with respect to Isoptera, is in strong contrast to the findings of Thorne and Carpenter, but concurs with some recent morphological and molecular studies. It includes a single acquisition of both symbiotic fat body Blattabacterium and hindgut flagellates within Dictyoptera, and the homology of sociality in Cryptocercidae and Isoptera.
- Type
- Journal Article
- Authors
- Deitz, Lewis; Nalepa, Christine; Klass, Klaus-Dieter
- Units
- GRSM
- Keywords
- Animal Studies, APHN, Appalachian Highlands Network, Blattaria, Dictyoptera, Evolution, Genetics, Great Smoky Mountains National Park, GRSM, GRSM-00015, Insecta, Isoptera, SER, sociality, Southeast Region
- Subjects
- Ecological Framework: Biological Integrity | Focal Species or Communities | Terrestrial Invertebrates