Chickamauga and Chattanooga National Military Park: Cultural Landscape Inventory, Chickamauga and Chattanooga National Military Park, National Park Service
Styles S, Goetcheus C, Hasty D. 2010. Chickamauga and Chattanooga National Military Park: Cultural Landscape Inventory, Chickamauga and Chattanooga National Military Park, National Park Service. Cultural Landscapes Inventory Report. 550062. NPS Southeast Regional Office. Southeast Regional Office/CLI Database
The cultural landscape of Chickamauga and Chattanooga National Military Park (NMP) is located in and around the city of Chattanooga, Tennessee and includes sites on Missionary Ridge to the east, Lookout Mountain to the southwest, and areas of north Georgia. The park includes many features which survive from the time of the Civil War battles (1863) and later commemorative construction on the battlefields. Topography, road alignment, land uses, vegetation patterns and even commemorative monumentation have both changed and been retained over the years. The Chickamauga and Chattanooga NMP is classified as a historic landscape, an aggregate of component landscapes which define a cultural landscape eligible for the National Register of Historic Places. The landscape consists of seventeen discontinuous park units within and surrounding the city of Chattanooga, Tennessee, including: Signal Point Reservation, Orchard Knob Reservation, Sherman Reservation, Seventy-third Pennsylvania Reservation, Phelps Monument, DeLong Reservation, Turchin Reservation, Ohio Reservation, Bragg Reservation, Nineteenth Illinois Monument, Iowa Reservation, Chickamauga Battlefield, Lookout Mountain, and the four Wauhatchie sites. Ten of these are considered significant Component Landscapes. Refer to the individual references for full descriptions of current conditions and specific features of the National Military Park. Chickamauga and Chattanooga National Military Park was established in 1890 “for the purpose of preserving and suitably marking for historical and professional military study the fields of some of the most remarkable maneuvers and most brilliant fighting” in the American Civil War. This legislation was the first to authorize the preservation of an American battlefield and formed the basis of the establishment and development of a national system of military parks. This historic landscape gains its significance from its association with a continuum of historic events: the Civil War Battles of Chickamauga and Chattanooga in 1863, the establishment of the first national military park, and possibly, early NPS park development. Today, the landscape of the park does not reflect any one of these particular periods in the site’s history. Instead, the landscape is distinguished from its surroundings by a feeling of time and place that is the result of unique and successive layers of historical manipulations and associations. Overall, the landscape retains sufficient historic integrity to convey an understanding of the setting of the battle and its purposeful rehabilitation and design as a national military park.
- Type
- Published Report
- Authors
- Styles, Sean; Goetcheus, Cari; Hasty, David
- Date of Issue
- 2010-07-21
- Publisher
- NPS Southeast Regional Office
- Units
- CHCH , SER
- Keywords
- Agricultural Field, Battlefield, Bragg Reservation, Cherokee, Chickamauga Battlefield, Civil War, Commemorative Construction, DeLong Reservation, Designed Landscape, Georgia, historic site, Iowa Reservation, Lookout Mountain, Nineteenth Illinois Monument, Ohio Reservation, Orchard Knob Reservation, Phelps Monument, Railroad, road restoration, Seventy-third Pennsylvania Reservation, Sherman Reservation, Signal Point Reservation, Tennessee, Turchin Reservation, Vernacular Landscape