Use of Vessels as Artificial Reef Material in Florida

Gregg, Kurtis

Vessels have historically played a major role in artificial reef construction off Florida's coasts. According to records in the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission (FWCC) artificial reef database a total of 268 miscellaneous boats and ships and 167 barges (435 vessels total) have been intentionally sunk in state and federal waters off 28 Florida coastal counties since 1959. These vessels have ranged in size from 36' to 610' in length. An additional 27 vessels lost through acts of war, accident, or storm events are also used by the public as fishing and diving sites off Florida. The total number of 462 vessels represents 26.4% of the 1,753 artificial reefs in the FWCC artificial reef database as of September 19. 2001. A number of federal agencies are considering the cleaning and sinking of surplus ships as a preferred alternative for disposal of large numbers of excess vessels. Because of the cumulative number of vessels involved, these decisions could have major ramifications for Florida. With inter-agency coordination, proper planning and management based on science, Florida has the opportunity to take a proactive approach to maximize the benefits of these proposed activities while minimizing the risks for the benefit of Florida's public and natural resources. Report includes lists of recent activities, advantages of using vessels as artificial reefs, and disadvantages of using vessels as artificial reefs.