Ecoli Sample Results. Water resources of the Great Smoky Mountains National Park, Tennessee and North Carolina: Hydrologic Atlas 420
National Park Service: Thomas Colson. 1970. Ecoli Sample Results. Water resources of the Great Smoky Mountains National Park, Tennessee and North Carolina: Hydrologic Atlas 420
A feature class depicting geographic locations where Ecoli Sample Results has been modeled within the Great Smoky Mountains National Park. Locations are expressed in the form of point geometry. These point data have been digitized from Water resources of the Great Smoky Mountains National Park, Tennessee and North Carolina Hydrologic Atlas 420 (William M. McMaster, E.F. Hubbard), 1970 edition. The Great Smoky Mountains National Park is located on the Tennessee-North Carolina border in the southern part of the Appalachian Range. The park occupies an area of about 800 square miles which is divided almost equally between the two States. Because of its beauty, location, and wide appeal, this is the nation's most visited national park. The number of visitors increased from 600,000 in 1937 to 3,000.000 in 1959 and to 7,000,000 in 1968. To serve these visitors, the National Park Service has provided campgrounds, picnic areas, scenic overlooks, nature and pioneer museums,and many miles of foot and horse trails. Most of these facilities and services require potable water supplies. The recreational and service facilities are scattered throughout the park, and it is necessary to develop a separate water system for each. For many years, water supplies in the park were obtained mostly from springs and small streams. However, the increasing demand for water at some facilities has approached the yield of the springs. Although streams in most cases have afforded adequate supplies, the water requires treatment, which may be costly. For these reasons, ground-water supplies are being developed wherever possible to replace existing water supplies and for most new facilities. In those places where ground-water supplies are not practical, surface water may provide an adequate supply. The total volume of water removed from streams or from storage in the ground for use at park facilities is currently less than 500,000 gallons per day during the periods of heaviest usage. This water is only diverted briefly, as storage facilities are very small, and probably more than 90 percent of the water is not "consumed" but is returned either to the streams or to the ground-water system. Therefore no measurable effects on either the terrestrial or aquatic ecologic balance can be anticipated as a result of pumpage. In order to plan effectively for the development of new facilities, the enlargement of existing facilities, and the management of the park's resources, the Park Service needs information on how much water is available at different places in the park. Emphasis of this study was placed on evaluating the occurrence, availability, and quality of ground water. But ground water and surface water are so interrelated within an area, that one may not be examined fully without considering the other. It also must be anticipated that as park facilities are enlarged, the Park Service may find it necessary to obtain supplies for some facilities from surface-water sources. Thus, an important part of the study was devoted to the flow of streams, particularly low flows. Low flows arc a limiting factor when developing a stream for water supply. Low-flow data arc also essential in stream-pollution studies and for the protection of aquatic life and resident environment. Many recreational uses of the streams also depend on adequate low flows.
- Type
- Geospatial Dataset
- Authors
- National Park Service: Thomas Colson
- Date of Issue
- 1970-01-01
- Units
- GRSM
- Keywords
- APHN, Appalachian Highlands Network, Bacteria, biological integrity, blockhouse, Blount County, Bryson City, Bunches Bald, Cades Cove, Calderwood, Clingmans Dome, Cocke County, Cove Creek Gap, Dellwood, E. coli, Fines Creek , Fontana Dam, Gatlinburg, Graham County, Great Smoky Mountains National Park, GRSM, Hartford, Haywood County, Hydrography, Hydrology, IANDM, Inventory & Monitoring, Jones Cove, Kinzel Springs, Luftee Knob, Mount Guyot, Mount Le Conte, National Park Service, Natural Resource Inventory And Monitoring Program, NC, Noland Creek, North Carolina, NPS, NRIM, Pigeon Forge, Pollution, Richardson Cove, SERO, Sevier County, Sewage, Silers Bald, Smokemont, Southeast Region, Streams, Swain County, Tallassee, Tapoco, Tennessee, Thunderhead Mountain, TN, Tuskeegee, U.S., United States, US, USA, Water Chemistry, Water Quality, Waterville, Wear Cove, Whittier
- Subjects
- Ecological Framework: Geology and Soils | Geomorphology | Stream/River Channel Characteristics , Ecological Framework: Water | Hydrology | Surface Water Dynamics , Ecological Framework: Water | Water Quality | Water Chemistry , Ecological Framework: Human Use | Point-Source Human Effects | Point-Source Human Effects , Ecological Framework: Human Use | Non-point Source Human Effects | Non-point Source Human Effects , Ecological Framework: Landscapes | Nutrient Dynamics | Nutrient Dynamics