Environmental and intrinsic correlates of stress in free-ranging wolves
Molnar B, Fattebert J, Palme R, Ciucci P, Betschart B, Smith D, Diehl P. 2015. Environmental and intrinsic correlates of stress in free-ranging wolves. PLOS One. 10(9)
When confronted with a stressor, animals react with several physiological and behavioral responses. Although sustained or repeated stress can result in severe deleterious physiological effects, the causes of stress in free-ranging animals are yet poorly documented. In our study, we aimed at identifying the main factors affecting stress levels in free-ranging wolves (Canis lupus).
- Type
- Journal Article
- Authors
- Molnar, Barbara; Fattebert, Julien; Palme, Rupert; Ciucci, Paolo; Betschart, Bruno; Smith, Douglas; Diehl, Peter-Allan
- Units
- YELL
- Keywords
- behavioral responses, physiological responses, stress levels
- Subjects
- Ecological Framework: Biological Integrity | Focal Species or Communities | Mammals