Frequencies of Spiral and Green-Bone Fractures on Ungulate Limb Bones in Modern Surface Assemblages
Haynes G. 1983. Frequencies of Spiral and Green-Bone Fractures on Ungulate Limb Bones in Modern Surface Assemblages. American Antiquity. 48(1):102-114
During observational fieldwork in undisturbed ranges of free-roaming bison and moose (Wood Buffalo National Park, Canada, Superior National Forest, WI and Isle Royale), the author has identified approximately 8% of surface bones as spirally or green-fractured due to documented carnivore activity, and 5% as spirally or green-fractured due to trampling or dust wallowing by bison. The bones of smaller species suffer up to 50% breakage. Bone modifications by wild wolves and bears are briefly described, as are characteristics of fractures caused by trampling and wallowing.
- Type
- Journal Article
- Authors
- Haynes, Gary
- Units
- ISRO
- Keywords
- Animal Studies, Bones, Impacts, moose(Alces alces), Predation