Groundwater induced advective cooling of an ash-flow sheet: Valley of Ten Thousand Smokes, Alaska
Hogeweg N. 2002. Groundwater induced advective cooling of an ash-flow sheet: Valley of Ten Thousand Smokes, Alaska. Utrecht University
The Valley of Ten Thousand Smokes (VTTS) in Alaska was filled by a voluminous ash-flow tuff in 1912. In 1987 the chloride rich mid-valley thermal springs (MVTS) were discovered, indicating a persistent heat source at depth. A previous study proposed that the heat source is a cooling welded tuff unit. Discharge, temperature, and chloride-concentration data, collected during fieldtrips in 1993 and 2001 reveal spring temperatures of approximatley 21 degrees C, a linear relationship between the water discharge and chloride concentration in the Ukak River which drains the VTTS, and a heat discharge from the VTTS< 285 MW.