Ground-water resources in Kaloko-Honokohau National Historical Park, Island of Hawaii, and numerical simulation of the effects of ground-water withdrawals
Oki DS, Tribble GW, Souza WR, Bolke EL. 1999. Ground-water resources in Kaloko-Honokohau National Historical Park, Island of Hawaii, and numerical simulation of the effects of ground-water withdrawals. U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Water Resources Investigations Report. 99-4070. U.S. Geological Survey. Honolulu, HI
This is a report of an investigation of the ground-water flow system in the vicinity of Kaloko-Honokohau National Historical Park. An existing, numerical, ground-water flow model was used to estimate potential changes in the quantity of ground-water flow through KAHO caused by ground-water development. Salinity levels and contaminants were measured from 3 wells in the park and one well upgradient of the park. Within the Kaloko-Honokohau National Historical Park, which was established in 1978, the ground-water flow system is composed of brackish water overlying saltwater. Ground-water levels measured in the park range from about 1 to 2 feet above mean sea level, and fluctuate daily by about 0.5 to 1.5 feet in response to ocean tides. The brackish water is formed by mixing of seaward flowing fresh ground water with underlying saltwater from the ocean. The major source of fresh ground water is from subsurface flow originating from inland areas to the east of the park. A regional, two-dimensional (areal), freshwater-saltwater, sharp-interface ground-water flow model was used to simulate the effects of regional withdrawals on ground-water flow within the park. Model results indicate that ground-water withdrawals in excess of average 1978 withdrawal rates will reduce the rate of freshwater coastal discharge within the park. Withdrawals from wells directly upgradient of the park had the greatest effect on the model-calculated freshwater coastal discharge within the park, whereas withdrawals from wells south of Papa Bay had little effect on the freshwater discharge within the park.
- Type
- Published Report
- Authors
- Oki, Delwyn; Tribble, Gordon; Souza, William; Bolke, E
- Date of Issue
- 1999
- Publisher
- U.S. Geological Survey
- Units
- KAHO , WRD
- Keywords
- Antimony (Sb), Aquatic Sciences, Arsenic (As), Beryllium (Be), Cadmium (Cd), Chemical Analysis, Chlorine (Cl), Chromium (Cr), Contaminants, Copper (Cu), Cyanide, Geochemistry, Geohydrology, Groundwater, Hawaii (Big Island), Hualalai Volcano, Hydrology, Lead (Pb), Modeling, Nickel (Ni), organic, Salinity, Selenium (Se), Silver (Ag), Trace Elements, Water (H2O), Water Level, Water Quality, Wells, WRBIB, Zinc (Zn)