Precipitation, snowpack, stream-water ion chemistry, and flux in a Northern Michigan watershed, 1982-1991
Stottlemyer R and Toczydlowski D. 1996. Precipitation, snowpack, stream-water ion chemistry, and flux in a Northern Michigan watershed, 1982-1991. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences. 53:2659-2672
Input-output budgets, snowpack ion content and loss, and change in stream-water chemistry during snowmelt were quantified for ten years in a small watershed in upper Michigan (Calumet watershed). Annual precipitation and H+ and SO4 inputs declined during the decade. Precipitation SO4 concentrations decreased, with two-thirds of the decline occurring in winter. Winter precipitaton and H+, NH4, NO3, and SO4 inputs declined during the decade. The watershed retained >99% of snowmelt H+, >95% of NH4, and >80% of NO3. Stream-water NO3 concentration declined >85% during snowmelt and SO4 concentrations changed <10%. Soil SO4 desorption was probably the major process buffering change in stream-water SO4 concentration.
- Type
- Journal Article
- Authors
- Stottlemyer, Robert; Toczydlowski, David
- Units
- ISRO
- Keywords
- Aquatic, Ecology, Northern Michigan, Precipitation, Snowmelt, streamwater chemistry, Watershed