Cultural Landscape Report for Sand Island: Historic Euro-American Fishing, Farming, and Recreation in East and West Bay, 1890-1956
Quinn Evans Architects, STRATA Architecture Inc., Regions 3, 4, & 5 CR Historic Architecture and Cultural Landscapes Program. 2018. Cultural Landscape Report for Sand Island: Historic Euro-American Fishing, Farming, and Recreation in East and West Bay, 1890-1956. Cultural Landscape Report. U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service
Sand Island lies on the far west side of the Apostle Islands archipelago, at Wisconsin’s northernmost point. Located in Lake Superior, the area’s scenic, historical, biological, and recreational values were recognized in 1970 when Congress established Apostle Islands National Lakeshore, which today includes 21 of the archipelago’s 22 islands. Sand Island’s rich cultural history and diverse ecology include remnants of the human community, as well as wetlands, beaches, sea caves, old growth forest, second growth forest, and diverse wildlife. As the only island within the national lakeshore that historically hosted a year-round community, the vestiges of historic fishing, farming, logging, and recreational sites serve as tangible traces of human habitation in the form of cultural landscapes. The study area on Sand Island encompasses three distinct landscape character areas that contain resources associated with the historic use of the island: the East Bay Landscape Character Area, West Bay Landscape Character Area, and West Bay Road Landscape Character Area. The period of significance for the study area is 1890 to 1956. This period encompasses the most important years during which Sand Island was occupied as a cohesive community of year-round and seasonal residents engaged in fishing, farming, logging, and recreation. Sand Island is distinctive among the Apostle Islands for the extent and duration of its farming and fishing community in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century, a community made up largely of Norwegian immigrants who merged their cultural traditions with those of their adopted country. Sand Island also possesses one of the archipelago’s distinctive and important light stations, the Sand Island Light. Sand Island is also important for its contribution to tourism and the maritime culture of the islands. This Cultural Landscape Report (CLR) for portions of Sand Island documents and records the evolution of the study area landscapes, evaluates their significance, and provides recommendations for their future use and management. The CLR is needed to clarify appropriate management approaches introduced in the General Management Plan.
- Type
- Published Report
- Authors
- Quinn Evans Architects; STRATA Architecture Inc.; Regions 3, 4, & 5 CR Historic Architecture and Cultural Landscapes Program
- Date of Issue
- 2018-06
- Publisher
- U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service
- Units
- APIS , MWR
- Keywords
- backcountry, community, East Bay Landscape Character Area, Hansen Farm, historic fishing, island, Lake Superior, logging, maritime heritage, Ojibwe, recreation, Sand Island lighthouse, Shaw Farm, subsistence farming, tourism, transportation corridor, West Bay Club, West Bay Landscape Character Area, West Bay Road, Wisconsin
- Subjects
- CRIS-CL: 976142: East Bay Historic District , CRIS-CL: 500368: Sand Island Light Station , CRIS-CL: 500308: West Bay Club
Series
See also
- Cultural Landscape Report, Historic Structures Report, and Environmental Assessment, Volume VI: Sand Island CLR/HSR, Apostle Islands National Lakeshore, Light Stations of Michigan Island, Outer Island, Devils Island, Long Island and Sand Island
- Sand Island Light Station: Cultural Landscape Inventory, Apostle Islands National Lakeshore, National Park Service